在选择和比较了众多Wiki系统之后，最后锁定了TWiki。该系统的主要优点：

1. 界面美观：在所有的Wiki系统中算的上比较“花哨”，当然没有办法跟一些CMS和Blog系统相比。
2. 权限管理：本来打算完全使用Wiki系统搭建网站，所以完善的权限管理是必不可少的。
3. 社区支持：TWiki有一个很活跃的开发社区，并且有很多大公司在内部部署该系统，后续的升级和功能增强不需要担心。

通过部署和实验，发现TWiki的不足：

1. TWiki 4.0(Dakar Release)在增加了众多新功能的同时，性能较前几个版本出现了下降。大部分TWiki的部署是在公司内部，对性能的要求少一些，但是要在Internet作为发表工具，却是不得不考虑的。本站本来打算使用TWiki搭建，但是由于性能问题，转而使用Drupal，仅将其作为一个子系统。
2. 强大一般会与复杂同行，TWiki系统亦不能避免。自己在TWiki上面的确花费了一些时间才将其各方面搞清楚（当然可能是自己太菜 :) ）。

每个人使用Wiki系统的目的不同，所以对于各系统的好坏自有评判。本人搭建该系统是得到了不少网友的帮助，也参考了许多很好的网上中文资料。尤其感谢车东，他不但翻译了TWiki，让大家有很好的中文系统可用，还写了一篇很好的安装指南。

下面我就将自己搭建本站Wiki系统的过程记录一下，希望对后面使用该系统的朋友有所帮助。下面的操作使用TWiki 4.0.2 在Redhat Enterprise Linux 4 update 3 系统上配置通过，本人使用的个人帐户是zhigang，如果你想在自己的计算机上实验，要考虑到版本和用户之间的不同。

1. 下载TWiki-4.0.4 和 hotfix-4.0.4-2，解压到 /home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com：

 $ unzip TWiki-4.0.4.zip -d ~/wiki.os-drive.com
 $ tar xvzf hotfix-4.0.4-2.tgz -C ~/wiki.os-drive.com

下载CGI-Session-4.03，并安装：

 $ tar xvzf CGI-Session-4.03.tar.gz
 $ cd CGI-Session-4.03
 $ perl Makefile.PL LIB=~/wiki.os-drive.com/lib
 $ make
 $ make test
 $ make install

注：这样的目录布局是为了与自己将来在虚拟主机上的保持一致。
2. 转换到root用户，或者使用sudo，修改/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，至少修改如下行：

<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride All
</Directory>
DocumentRoot "/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com"
User zhigang
Group zhigang

然后重新启动httpd：

 # service httpd restart

3. 为你的计算机增加别名，在/etc/hosts文件中增加如下行：

219.236.29.11 wiki.os-drive.com

记着将我的实验机的IP换成你自己的。这样在浏览器的地址栏中输入 http://wiki.os-drive.com 看到的不是我的Wiki系统，而是你本机的实验系统了。这也是为了模拟一个与将来部署几乎相同的环境。
4. 对TWiki系统各目录的访问权限进行定制：

 $ cd ~/wiki.os-drive.com
 $ cp root-htaccess.txt .htaccess
 $ cp bin/.htaccess.txt bin/.htaccess
 $ cp subdir-htaccess.txt tools/.htaccess
 $ cp subdir-htaccess.txt templates/.htaccess
 $ cp subdir-htaccess.txt locale/.htaccess
 $ cp subdir-htaccess.txt lib/.htaccess
 $ cp subdir-htaccess.txt data/.htaccess

对跟目录下的.htaccess进行修改如下，将对index.html的访问重定向：

 $ diff root-htaccess.txt .htaccess
13c13
< # Redirect /urlpath/to/twiki/index.html http://your.domain.com/urlpath/to/twiki/bin/view
---
> Redirect /index.html http://wiki.os-drive.com/bin/view

对bin/.htaccess进行修改如下：

 $ diff bin/.htaccess.txt bin/.htaccess
41c41
< AuthUserFile {DataDir}/.htpasswd
---
> AuthUserFile /home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/data/.htpasswd
66c66
< ErrorDocument 401 {ScriptUrlPath}/view/TWiki/TWikiRegistration
---
> ErrorDocument 401 /bin/view/TWiki/TWikiRegistration
81,82c81,82
<       Allow from 127.0.0.1, 192.168.1.10
<       Require user {Administrators}
---
>       # Allow from 127.0.0.1, 192.168.1.10
>       Require user zhigang
94,97c94,96
<
< <FilesMatch "(attach|edit|manage|rename|save|upload|mail|logon|.*auth).*">
<        require valid-user
< </FilesMatch>
---
> #<FilesMatch "(attach|edit|manage|rename|save|upload|mail|logon|.*auth).*">
> #       require valid-user
> #</FilesMatch>

上面的：

> AuthUserFile /home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/data/.htpasswd

表示用户认证的文件（即存放用户名和秘密的文件）是/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/data/.htpasswd；

>       Require user zhigang

表示要对configure脚本进行访问，需要认证的用户名是zhigang。现在用户认证文件并不存在，需要我们自己创建：

 $ htpasswd -c data/.htpasswd zhigang
New password: [ your password ]
Re-type new password: [ your password ]
Adding password for user zhigang

5. 对TWiki缺省配置进行修改，首先对bin/LocalLib.cfg进行修改：

 $ cp bin/LocalLib.cfg.txt bin/LocalLib.cfg
 $ vi bin/LocalLib.cfg （对其进行修改）
 $ diff bin/LocalLib.cfg.txt bin/LocalLib.cfg
22c22
< $twikiLibPath = "/absolute/path/to/your/lib";
---
> $twikiLibPath = "/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/lib";

再对lib/LocalLib.cfg进行修改：

 $ cp lib/LocalLib.cfg.txt lib/LocalLib.cfg
 $ chmod 600 LocalSite.cfg

这时你需要将浏览器指向： http://wiki.os-drive.com/bin/configure ，并对里面的选项进行修改，然后保存。浏览器会提示你输入用户名和密码，就是刚才设置的。下面是我修改后保存的结果修改的部分：

 $ diff lib/LocalSite.cfg.txt lib/LocalSite.cfg
1,55c1,78
< # Example site-specific configuration file for TWiki, held in 'lib' directory.
< #
< # This is distributed as LocalSite.cfg.txt - if for some reason you can't,
< # or don't want to, use =configure= to manage your site configuration, you can
< # copy this file to LocalSite.cfg edit it manually.
< #
< # LocalSite.cfg overrides TWiki.cfg, so there is no risk of your settings
< # being overwritten when you upgrade.
< #
< # Only the most commonly used settings are listed in LocalSite.cfg.txt
< # See TWiki.cfg to copy across the other (seldom changed) settings
< #
< # Use 'LocalLib.cfg' in the 'bin' directory to configure non-standard
< # locations for the 'lib' directory or Perl modules.
< #
<
< # NOTE: If your server is running Microsoft Windows, paths should
< # normally be written as "c:/foo" not "c:\foo" (which doesn't do what
< # you may think it does). You can use '\' without problems inside
< # single quotes, e.g. 'c:\foo'.
<
< # If LocalSite.cfg is used (and it _should_ be), then _all_ the
< # following paths muct be defined.
<
< # URL for TWiki host e.g. http://myhost.com:123
< $TWiki::cfg{DefaultUrlHost} = 'http://your.domain.com';
<
< # cgi-bin URL path for TWiki e.g. /twiki/bin
< $TWiki::cfg{ScriptUrlPath} = '/twiki/bin';
<
< # Attachments URL path e.g. /twiki/pub
< $TWiki::cfg{PubUrlPath} = '/twiki/pub';
<
< # Attachments store file path (not URL), must match /twiki/pub e.g.
< # /usr/local/twiki/pub
< $TWiki::cfg{PubDir} = '/home/httpd/twiki/pub';
<
< # SECURITY NOTE: Directories =twiki/data= , =twiki/templates= and all their
< # subdirectories should be set so that they are _not_ visible through
< # URLs. (Alternatively, move the directories to a place where they are
< # not visible, and set the paths here as appropriate)
<
< # Template directory e.g. /usr/local/twiki/templates
< $TWiki::cfg{TemplateDir} = '/home/httpd/twiki/templates';
<
< # Topic files store (file path not URL) e.g. /usr/local/twiki/data
< # TWiki will use this path to base other defaults, such as the location
< # of password files.
< $TWiki::cfg{DataDir} = '/home/httpd/twiki/data';
<
< # TWiki.cfg will use this path to default where to put log files, unless
< # you override individual paths here.
< $TWiki::cfg{LogDir} = $TWiki::cfg{DataDir};
<
< 1;
---
> # Example site-specific configuration file for TWiki, held in 'lib' directory.
> #
> # This is distributed as LocalSite.cfg.txt - if for some reason you can't,
> # or don't want to, use =configure= to manage your site configuration, you can
> # copy this file to LocalSite.cfg edit it manually.
> #
> # LocalSite.cfg overrides TWiki.cfg, so there is no risk of your settings
> # being overwritten when you upgrade.
> #
> # Only the most commonly used settings are listed in LocalSite.cfg.txt
> # See TWiki.cfg to copy across the other (seldom changed) settings
> #
> # Use 'LocalLib.cfg' in the 'bin' directory to configure non-standard
> # locations for the 'lib' directory or Perl modules.
> #
>
> # NOTE: If your server is running Microsoft Windows, paths should
> # normally be written as "c:/foo" not "c:\foo" (which doesn't do what
> # you may think it does). You can use '\' without problems inside
> # single quotes, e.g. 'c:\foo'.
>
> # If LocalSite.cfg is used (and it _should_ be), then _all_ the
> # following paths muct be defined.
>
> # URL for TWiki host e.g. http://myhost.com:123
> $TWiki::cfg{DefaultUrlHost} = 'http://wiki.os-drive.com';
>
> # cgi-bin URL path for TWiki e.g. /twiki/bin
> $TWiki::cfg{ScriptUrlPath} = '/bin';
>
> # Attachments URL path e.g. /twiki/pub
> $TWiki::cfg{PubUrlPath} = '/pub';
>
> # Attachments store file path (not URL), must match /twiki/pub e.g.
> # /usr/local/twiki/pub
> $TWiki::cfg{PubDir} = '/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/pub';
>
> # SECURITY NOTE: Directories =twiki/data= , =twiki/templates= and all their
> # subdirectories should be set so that they are _not_ visible through
> # URLs. (Alternatively, move the directories to a place where they are
> # not visible, and set the paths here as appropriate)
>
> # Template directory e.g. /usr/local/twiki/templates
> $TWiki::cfg{TemplateDir} = '/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/templates';
>
> # Topic files store (file path not URL) e.g. /usr/local/twiki/data
> # TWiki will use this path to base other defaults, such as the location
> # of password files.
> $TWiki::cfg{DataDir} = '/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/data';
>
> # TWiki.cfg will use this path to default where to put log files, unless
> # you override individual paths here.
> $TWiki::cfg{LogDir} = $TWiki::cfg{DataDir};
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{fr}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{pl}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Site}{Lang} = 'zh';
> $TWiki::cfg{DisplayTimeValues} = 'servertime';
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{da}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{de}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{'zh-tw'}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{UserInterfaceInternationalisation} = 1;
> $TWiki::cfg{Site}{Locale} = 'zh_CN.UTF-8';
> $TWiki::cfg{Password} = 'XXXXXXXXXXXX';
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{es}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{pt}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{UseLocale} = 1;
> $TWiki::cfg{LocalesDir} = '/home/zhigang/wiki.os-drive.com/locale';
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{sv}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{it}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Languages}{nl}{Enabled} = 0;
> $TWiki::cfg{Site}{FullLang} = 'zh-cn';
> $TWiki::cfg{Site}{CharSet} = 'UTF-8';
> $TWiki::cfg{LoginManager} = 'TWiki::Client::TemplateLogin';
> $TWiki::cfg{Register}{AllowLoginName} = 1;
> $TWiki::cfg{Plugins}{WysiwygPlugin}{Enabled} = 1;
> $TWiki::cfg{Plugins}{RenderListPlugin}{Enabled} = 1;
> $TWiki::cfg{Plugins}{EmptyPlugin}{Enabled} = 1;
> 1;

这样一个TWiki的初始配置就算完成了。当然如果你想要它正常工作，还需要启动sendmail：

# service sendmail start

注：Redhat Enterprise Linux 4 中sendmail的缺省配置是没有SMTP认证的，所以别人可以随便使用你的sendmail来转发邮件，一不小心就会成为别人的垃圾邮件转发站。如果没有时间学习sendmail的配置（像我 :) ），可以只在测试TWiki某些功能（如用户注册、布告等）时才启动该服务。

TWiki中的目录管理，权限管理等都角其他Wiki系统复杂一些，但是也强大很多，能够满足很多人的需求。如果有时间，将自己的一些经验一并分享给大家。

参考资料

1. TWiki协作平台的官方网站。
2. 车东的TWiki DakarRelease安装备忘。
3. STL 中文站，一个完全使用TWiki系统搭建的网站，里面有几篇篇介绍TWiki安装的很好文章。
4. 本站使用的虚拟空间提供商DreamHost。